The Lost Generation By Ernest Hemingway - 1922 Words

Ameenah Salaam Ms. Germany English composition II 15 November 2015 The Lost Generation â€Å"You are all a lost generation.† --Gertrude Stein in Conversation Does the words â€Å"Lost Generation† ring a bell? The â€Å"Lost Generation† was a term created for the post-World War I generation. The generation was known for being an unsatisfied, materialistic, hard drinking, fast-living crowd. A well-known group of U.S. writers established their literary reputations during this time, making them the writers of the lost generation. Among the writers, there was Earnest Hemingway. Married four times, he was one of the many writers known to use his life experiences as a plot to his fictional work. With the many different women he had in his life he was able to use his experiences with them and create simplicity masterpieces. Hemingway’s â€Å"Hills like White Elephants† was one of many short stories that amplified the lost generation living styles in a very simple writing style. Ernest Hemingway was born in 1899, in Oak Park, Illinois. Hemingway’s father (who eventually committed suicide) was a physician, his mo ther was a musician. They were successful enough in these practices, allowing the family to be identified as part of the upper middle class. Ernest’s father taught him many things about nature such as hunting and fishing. Apparently his love of nature developed and stuck with him for life and it reflects in his some of his stories through hisShow MoreRelatedErnest Hemingway s The Lost Generation885 Words   |  4 PagesErnest Hemingway was a famous modernist writer during the 20th century. Hemingway was part of what was known as â€Å"The Lost Generation† this name arose post-World War 1. The modernist movement was a drastic change in numerous things such as art and literature. Ernest contributed much to this movement with his literary works. World War 1 played a major role in not only modernism, but also Hemingway’s writing. Ernest Miller Hemingway was a modernist writer who took his experiences from World War 1 andRead MoreErnest Hemingway, the Writer of Los t Generation Essay1322 Words   |  6 PagesLiving in the overwhelming burden of the war, the â€Å"Lost Generation†, which Ernest Hemingway was a part of, was a group of people spending their spring of life in warfare and aftereffect of war (Lost Generation). He was a laureate of the Novel Prize in Literature in 1954 as an influential American novelist. Ernest Hemingway expressed his experience and sentiments in his writings, exerting profound impact on American Literature (Nobel Prize). His birth, upbringing, employment, literary works, and effectRead MoreHemingway s The World War I, Lost Generation, By Ernest Hemingway1460 Words   |  6 Pagesthere has been no American writer like Ernest Hemingway. A member of the World War I â€Å"lost generation,† Hemingway was in many ways his own best character. Whether as his childhood nickname of â€Å"Champ† or as the older â€Å"Papa,† Ernest Hemingway became a legend of his own lifetime. Although the drama and romance of his life sometimes seem to overshadow the quality of his work, Hemingway was first and foremost a literary scholar, a writer and reader of books. Hemingway enjoyed being famous, and delightedRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of Ernest Hemingway s Of The Lost Generation 1812 Words   |  8 PagesAfter World War I, Hemingway, one of the â€Å"Lost Generation† writers, lived in a disillusionment where he lost faith in traditional institutions and values. World War I shifted American culture toward industrialization and away from the arts; consequently, artists began to feel that their works were no longer favored in the society. Hemingway explores decadence, one of the major themes of Lost Generation literature, in Harry’s materialistic nature of lifestyle. In doing so, Hemingway captures his ownRead MoreErnest Hemmingway: Shifting Gender Roles in The Sun Also Rises782 Words   |  3 PagesErnest Hemingway was born on July 21, 1899 in Chicago, Illinois. Hemingw ay was an American author and journalist. Kemen Zabala author of â€Å"HEMINGWAY: A STUDY IN GENDER AND SEXUALITY† states that Hemingway was commonly known for portraying the sterile and disillusioned environment created by the massive human loss of World War I. Perhaps his exposure to the atrocious nature of war as a Red Cross ambulance driver in the Europe during World War I aided and further influenced his literary capturing ofRead MoreThe Story Of The Lost Generation1661 Words   |  7 Pages Brodie Wiener PIB LA 10 Period 3 Hensley 3 April 2015 The Story of the Lost Generation Living an spontaneous, carefree life like the characters in The Sun Also Rises do sounds like fun but it isn t what it seems. Ernest Hemingway writes a piece of literature that when looked upon through a new historicist critical perspective exposes the underlying truth and an uglier reality that is normally suppressed presents itself. New historicist criticism in a nutshell is arguing that the literature isRead MoreA Clean Well Lighted Place Summary1203 Words   |  5 PagesPart I: The Lost Generation â€Å"The Lost Generation† Article Questions The authors included in the Lost Generation are, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Ernest Hemingway, John Dos Passos, Sherwood Anderson, Kay Boyle, Hart Crane, Ford Maddox, and Zelda Fitzgerald. The common elements and themes that these authors pursued in their personal lives as well as their writing were brutal war experiences, their youthful and impractical actions such as love affairs and drinking, feeling lost and hopeless in societyRead MoreHemingway vs. Fitzgerald1518 Words   |  7 Pagesreferred to as the â€Å"Lost Generation.† This was a time of hopelessness and heartache from the damages of the war which caused carelessness and lack of responsibility. Everyone was affected in some way and often could not handle the situation, usually turning to alcohol to relieve all problems. According to Gertrude Stein, the literary figures of the 1920’s â€Å"drank themselves to death†, especially two of the greatest writers of the 20th century, F. Scott Fitzgerald and Ernest Hemingway. Although both authorsRead More Lost Generation in Hemingways The Sun Also Rises Essay example1515 Words   |  7 PagesLost Generation in Hemingways The Sun Also Rises      Ã‚   In the words of Herbert Hoover, Older men declare war. But it is youth that must fight and die. And it is youth who must inherit the tribulation, the sorrow and the triumphs that are the aftermath. War disfigures and tears away precious lives. Its horrors embed themselves like an infectious disease in the minds of the survivors, who, when left to salvage the pieces of their former existences, are brushed into obscurity by the individualsRead MoreTaking a Look at the Jazz Age1600 Words   |  6 Pageshis literature. Another piece of literature affected by the times of the Jazz Age, was Ernest Hemingways The Sun Also Rises. The novel is about a young soldier, who returned from the War, and went to work as a journalist in Paris. â€Å"Less than ten years after the end of World War I, the novel helped define his generation: disillusioned young people whose lives were profoundly affected by the war.† (Hemingway) The Sexual Revolution of the 1920s impacted novels like Ma rried Love by Marie Stopes, and

Legal Methods - 4881 Words

CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN AFRICA LEGAL METHODS – 1ST TRIMESTER NOTES – LECTURER FREDA KABATSI Faculty Vision: To train the students in the Faculty of Law to become conscientious and ethical lawyers who have an excellent grounding in legal principles and who will provide leadership in Kenya, East Africa and beyond. OVERVIEW OF LEGAL METHODS * Legal Methods is the study of how law operates in the society and how lawyers, judges and legislative think and do things according to the law. * It is commonly referred to a set of techniques used to analyze and apply the law and to determine the appropriate weight that should be accorded to different sources of law. SOURCES OF CLASSIFICATION OF LAW Means the origin from which human†¦show more content†¦* It is independent from the government functions and provides a forum for the just resolution of disputes. 1. THE SUPREME COURT – ARTICLE 163 * It is established by Article 163 of the Constitution. * It is composed of the Chief Justice who is the president of the Court. * The deputy Chief Justice who deputizes the Chief Justice and is the Vice President of the Court. It has five (5) other Judges. * The Court has exclusive original jurisdiction to hear and determine disputes relating presidential elections. * It has appellant jurisdiction to hear and determine appeal from: a) The Court of Appeal; b) Other Courts c) Tribunal prescribed by Parliament that relates to the interpretation; d) Application of the Constitution; e) Matters of public concern. * Summary Notes- Chief Justice heads the Court; - The Deputy Chief Justice is his deputy and vice president to the court. - Supreme Court deals with presidential petitions (special cases). - It consists of five (5) Judges 2. THE COURT OF APPEAL - ARTICLE 164 * It is provided by Article 164 of the Constitution; * The president of the Court of Appeal is elected from among the Judges of the Court; * The Court has jurisdiction and powers to hear and determine appeals from the High Court/Court Tribunal; * The Court of Appeal has not less than twelve (12) Judges 3. THE HIGH COURT – ARTICLE 165, THE PRINCIPLE JUDGEShow MoreRelatedLegal Methods, Research And Writing Essay1433 Words   |  6 PagesTo be successful in law whether studying or practicing the profession Legal methods, research and writing is a major necessity for those in the legal field. It is nearly impossible to study or practice law without the basic knowledge of legal methods, research and writing. This essay examines the importance of Legal methods, research and whether in school or outside in the legal profession. The first reason we need legal methods, research and writing is that it will help us to write essays well andRead MoreClassification Of Law : Legal Method2809 Words   |  12 Pages Classification of law Reg no.: 14B152 Subject: legal method ACKNOWLEDGEMENT EVENTUALLY, I WOULD LIKE TO THANK MY RESPECTED LEGAL METHOD PROFESSOR NIDHI BUCH MAM FOR PROVIDING ME SUCH A WONDERFUL OPPORTUNITY TO COMPILE THIS PROJECT ON CLASSIFICATION OF LAW WHICH ALSO HELPED ME IN DOING A LOT OF RESEARCH AND I CAME TO KNOW ABOUT SO MANY NEW THINGS .I AM REALLY THANKFUL TO HER. SECONDLY I WOULD ALSO LIKERead MoreLegal Method Case Comment Assessment981 Words   |  4 PagesLegal Method Case Comment Assessment R v Brown[2015] EWCA Criminal 1328 In the case R v Brown[2015] EWCA Criminal 1328 it was appropriate, in an extremely narrow band of cases and as an additional common law exception to the inviolable nature of legal professional privilege, to extend the principle in R v Cox (Richard Cobden) (1884) 14 Q.B.D. 153 (Cox v Railton) by imposing a requirement that particular individuals could be present at client/lawyer discussions if there was a real possibility thatRead MoreAlternative Methods of Resolving Legal Disputes599 Words   |  3 PagesA legal dispute is a disagreement over the existence of a legal duty or right. Usually most legal disputes are resolved in a court of law. However, there are alternative methods of resolving legal disputes other than by a court. Such methods include Tribunals as well as Arbitration. There are different Tribunals which exist to resolve a variety of disputes. Generally, a tribunal is known to be any person or institution with the authority to judge, to pass that particular judgment, or to determineRead MoreIntroduction to Australian Legal Systems and Methods1324 Words   |  5 Pages Subject Intro to Aus Legal Systems and Methods Part One Case Citation Comcare v PVYW [2013] HCA 41 Judges Appellant Comcare Respondent PVYW Summary of facts †¢ PVYW was employee of Comcare. Comcare required PVYW to travel for two days to another city for a work related trip. †¢ On the evening of 26 November, the employee (PVYW) had the evening off and was not required to work. †¢ PVYW was in her motel room which was booked and paid by her employer (ComCare) †¢ PVYW invited one of herRead MoreLegal Method Moot Court Project3698 Words   |  15 Pages Gujarat National Law University LEGAL METHOD MOOT COURT PROJECT - 2014 LAW AND MORALITY (Submitted as a partial fulfilment for the course requirement of Legal Method Moot Court) Submitted To – Ms. Nidhi Hriday Buch Submitted By – Aditi Jha (14B180) Email Id: jhaaditi95@gmail.com B.B.A. L.LB (H), I Semester (2014-19) Table of Contents 1. Introduction................................................................................1. 2. Morality and Ethic.............................Read MoreConstitutional Interpretive Methods And Legal Doctrine2123 Words   |  9 Pagesability to create laws is not a unique feature of the Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act (â€Å"the Constitution†), it is vital that these laws are consistent with the Constitution. This essay, through its use of constitutional interpretive methods, legal doctrine and relevant case law will seek to establish that the Justice Knows No Walls Reform Act (â€Å"the Act†) is unlikely to be considered to be consistent with the Constitution and therefore cannot be constitutionally applied to prisons run byRead MoreLegal Methods : Contract Law ( Interpretation Of Contracts1004 Words   |  5 PagesTaryn Ng Advanced Legal Methods – Contract Law (Interpretation of Contracts) To what extent should pre-contractual negotiations be allowed as evidence in the interpretation of contracts? I. Introduction This essay will evaluate the role of excluding pre-contractual negotiations from admissible evidence as part of the exclusionary rule in the interpretation of contracts. I will begin first by giving a brief overview of the exclusionary rule, focusing specifically on its background and its applicationRead MoreThe Paradigm for Predictive Legal Writing: IRAC Method 4783 Words   |  20 PagesResearch, Writing Advocacy 2006-07 THE PARADIGM FOR PREDICTIVE LEGAL WRITING: Using â€Å"IRAC† I. INTRODUCTION This handout sets out the basic paradigm, or organizational structure, of predictive legal analysis, referred to throughout this course as â€Å"IRAC.†1 IRAC is a general analytical paradigm; as you gain experience in your legal writing, you will be able to modify this paradigm to fit a particular legal issue. Once you understand the IRAC structure and are able to use it fluently, you can decideRead MoreData And Method, Laportas Legal Environment Database, And Capital Iq1704 Words   |  7 PagesData and Method I use five datasets: Worldscope, Capital IQ, ADR database, Laporta’s legal environment database, and Hofstede’s national culture indexes. In this work, I use Worldscope to obtain data on a firm’s financial information and capital IQ to find the information on CEO turnover. Through this research, I found the list of cross-listed firms at the Bank of New York and Citibank’s ADR directory. I have three measures for cross listing. ADR contains all cross-listing’s in U.S. with the high

Relationship of Leadership to the Politics Free Essays

Definition Leadership-This is the practice of controlling and directing the behavior of individuals towards the completion of some common goals and objectives. It involves influencing people in undertaking things to a given set and value on top of their standard and all this is done willingly.  Politics-This is the process of recognizing and eventually integrating opposing interests inside the organization. We will write a custom essay sample on Relationship of Leadership to the Politics or any similar topic only for you Order Now This may be as the means of creating non autocratic or a democratic working environment.  Organization-This is the social arrangement that pursues collective objectives and goals, hence controlling its own performance, and it has a boundary separating it from environment surrounding it. Discussion The politics of an organization is essential and an unavoidable reality woven with system of management whereby organizational activities are affected by it. Organizational mission, goals, strategy, correction, assessment and ways of developing agreement are always leadership and politics of that particular organization. This is so because some of the great leaders in organizations have also ventured in politics thus becoming more influential in there actions as they dominate specific places both within and outside the organization. Politics and leadership go hand in hand, since most key leaders will tend to listen and get involved as they interact with politicians. For instance politicians may seek to meet trade, chambers of commerce and economic planning and development leaders to find out the operational activities of firms since both of them are policy makers. These politicians go their not to ask for endorsements but they go there to get out what is happening in the market and t heir country. Employees have the biggest influence on deciding what leadership style works for them, and sometimes they will mislead the leader to a very easy style hence the first thing to be undertaken is figuring out an exact style which works for and with them, hence democratic will not work well here and the preferred will be situational leadership and this will make the followers of a particular leader to decide for him. Though leaders should lead by example and move further to formulate and implement organizational policies. Organizational structure cannot be expected to resolve political problems within an institution. Political ambitions are frequently driving force behind these structural changes. Wider political and social forces in societies a s a whole also limit the choice and operation of organizational structures. This is common in the case of state organizations in both socialist and capitalist economies and of public service departments as well. Here the form of structure is usually imposed as a political rather than purely managerial decision. According to George’s leadership, political climate of a particular organization is affected by a leader through management and making use of alternative settings which is visible in decision making, interaction with others in mobilizing support and setting of agenda, also in inspiring individuals, teams and other people. The relationship between organizational politics and leadership can be comprehended from the fact that organizational leadership occurs in the perspective of groups, where followers are prejudiced by the leader to make sure their loyalty and voluntary participation towards predetermined outcomes. The interaction between leaders and their influence authority over the followers lay down the tone for political climate in an organization. By clearly understanding of organizations’ political systems which is necessary for leadership to lead the company towards the goal achievement. Leaders who have worked for long in the company will possess the general kn owledge of political climate prevailing in the organization. Leaders from outside should take time to learn and understand the organizational politics by focusing and observing keenly relationship of the various groups in the company.   The literature on politics in organizations is both complex and confusing. Consistent with the connotation that politics is somehow bad and to be avoided, at least in rational organizations. Politics in organization arises where groups in an organization have there own preferred goals, and the means to attain those goals, sanctioned by rest of the organization, for instance the case must be of powerful groups. Pfeffer (1981) suggests that political behavior is best known as those activities taken within organizations to acquire, develop and use power and other resources to obtain ones preferred outcomes in a situation in which there is uncertainty or discensus about choices. In this respect organizational politics and social power are very much a like, only that they are distinguished primarily by the unit of analysis involved. When our focus is on individuals influencing other individuals, here we talk about social power and when our focus is on groups influencing other groups w e are talking about organization politics, hence political behavior occurs in situation characterized by uncertainty. Conflicting opinions and preferences are perhaps the single most important cause of political behavior. But such conflicts can exist only if there is some degree of uncertainty about what is objectively the best or must appropriate course of action. To try and solve this political behavior in organizations, power should be distributed equally among the groups affected by decision which give rise to this. It is also important to recognize that although conflicting preferences can exist only when there is some uncertainty about what is objectively the most correct or appropriate course of action, uncertainty simply provides an environment in which conflicting preferences can develop. The real causes of the conflicting opinions and preferences are differentiation and resource scarcity. Political leaders place there interest ahead of the interest of an organization, to them don’t visualizes the difference between operating within the law and operating ethically. It is important to note that since differentiation is a natural consequence of organizational growth, and since both uncertainty and resource scarcity are the rule rather than the exception in organizations, it must be concluded that both conflicts and political activity are inevitable group level outputs that can be found in virtually any organization. Understanding is the key for leaders to make use of organizational politics and also to enhance their own leadership credibility.   The amount of conflict and political behavior that occurs in a given organization will depend upon the severity of the prerequisite conditions, that is the degree to which there exist task interdependence, parochial perspectives, resource scarcity and soon. References http://www.careerknowhow.com/guidance/micromanager.htm http://www.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdf http://www.leadersdirect.com/leaderstyle.html How to cite Relationship of Leadership to the Politics, Essay examples

Boots of Clovers free essay sample

Walking in the cold. Stopping in the rays of the sun. Walking more. I shiver as a cool breeze nips at my exposed neck. I pull my notebook closer to my chest and lower my head to look at my boots. They are wet and speckled with grass and clovers. As I raise my head, I spot a tree in direct sunlight. I continue my walk until I am faced with this very tree. Perfect. I sit at its base, open my notebook and look around for something to write about. Thinking. Thinking. Thinking. Nothing. My mind is blank. Instead, my eyes wander, searching for something to write about. My eyes soon close as I lean my head against the tree and take a deep breath. The world seems to slow as I lower my head. The trees in front of me are lost in the golden hue of the sun that continues to rise. We will write a custom essay sample on Boots of Clovers or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page After what seems like a few seconds, the birds resume their early morning calls, already ignoring the fact that I have invaded their area. As I sit there I think of how unusual it is for me to be here at all. I am a disturbance, a nuisance, an irritation to the surrounding nature. I do not belong. I stick out like a drop of blood in a snowy field. The curtain of sun that once graced me, has now moved on. The one reason that I sat at this very tree is now gone. A cold breeze nips at my cheeks. I zip up my vest and draw my legs in to retain heat.I glare at the rays of the ever moving sun, as if I had some sort of control over it. A tiny red squirrel makes its way from tree to tree, stopping once it has reached the one where I rest. It lowers itself down the branches, peppering my paper with droplets of morning dew. I look up. I’m immediately graced with the curious face of the tiny squirrel, no more that six feet above me. It tilts its head to the right and I do the same, mimicking its actions. The tiny squirrel takes off as I move to get a better look. Everything seems to go still as the squirrel hurriedly makes its way through the trees. I freeze as well. Just as quickly as it appeared, it is now gone. The birds once again resume their morning chatter, as if nothing happened. They don’t seem to care that a stranger is in their home. I wonder what they think of me. Am I just another creature, like the rest that periodically make their way through here. Or are they, like the squirrel, curious, but just too scared to come any closer. I look at the trail that I had come from and rule out the curiosity, for these trails are mowed and maintained. These birds have seen a person before and think nothing of it. But then why did the squirrel stop? Was it because I stopped and sat in one place? Was it the disturbance of my entire presence? Was it just a baby squirrel, curious at everything new? I lower my legs as the sun decides to peek out from behind a tree and grace me with warmth once more. I close my eyes and bask in the golden rays. The cheerful tunes of the birds make sure I don’t dose off. I open my eyes once again. I look at the smeared lines of my notebook as something catches my eyes. A tiny green clover is stuck to the side of my boot. The leaves are pressed flat, like a newly paved road. The stem barely curves to the right and changes shades to a lighter green. I gently remove it from its place and twirl it in my fingers. I then let it fall to the forest floor. I think of that clover, yanked from its comfortable home of the earth, plucked from its safe haven, then discarded as if it were nothing. It seemed out of place on my boots. Just as I seemed out of place in this forest. It seemed like nothing. I stand, brushing myself off . I step back out to the trail and look back to where I once sat. The grass that once stood tall is now flattened. It looks out of place. Like it shouldn’t be there, and I am yet again reminded that I do not belong here. I walk down the trail deep in thought. No longer am I stopping in the rays of the sun. No longer do I tuck my chin, when a cold breeze sweeps through. No longer do I notice the cold seeping into my bones. I do however notice a foot print. It is mine, from the walk out. I stepped in a clover patch. Was this where the single clover came from? I do not know. But as I look at this footprint I am greeted with a lovely sight. Where the clovers are now parted sits a small tree frog, that has seemed to make the parted clovers its new home.

Why Did Civil War Break Out in 1642 free essay sample

One of the reasons why the civil war broke out in England in 1642 was because of Charles lack of money. To discover the source of this, we have to go back to the beginning of James reign. James was the first King to reign over both England and Scotland, and when he came down from Scotland it is said that he was astonished at how rich England was, while James had needed to borrow money for his travelling expenses. When James died in 1625, Charles came to the throne, and he, like his father, had very little money. Once Charles became King, the County Faction1 wanted him to go to war with the Catholics in Spain, so Charles asked them for taxes to use on the war. They refused to pay enough, so the war was hopeless, and Parliament blamed the King for this. The reason Parliament granted so few taxes was that they wanted to make sure they were called again. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Did Civil War Break Out in 1642 or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Charles, a firm believer in the Divine Right of Kings, thought that he should not have to rule with Parliament, and the only thing that kept him calling it was money2. One good example of the way Parliament made sure they were called back in Charles reign was tonnage and poundage. These were duties imposed on certain imports and exports. It was normal for these duties to be decided in the first Parliament of a monarchs reign, but in the case of Charles, they only decided on it for one year, so the King would be forced to call them again. Although Charles tried to ask for more money, Parliament refused, because they believed he spent it on his favourites. Because of this, Charles had to get himself more money. He began using the Church Courts, exploiting taxes such as ship money3, and selling monopolies and titles. He also opened a Court of Star Chamber, which he used to fine people heavily to raise money. Since the judges in the Star Chamber were officials of the Crown, and there was no jury, Charles could be sure of getting a favourable result. Parliament was furious with this, and immediately drew up the Petition of Right, which asked the King to stop illegal taxation. The King signed it, but only because Parliament threatened to impeach Buckingham, one of the Kings favourites. The quarrels about money went on, and eventually Charles decided to dissolve Parliament. He reigned without them for 11 years. When the new prayer book was brought into Scotland, a group called the Covenanters attempted to invade England. Charles called a Parliament to try and get taxes to fight the Covenanters, but they refused4, so Charles dissolved them again. He was forced to pay the Scots ? 850 a day to stop them advancing, and eventually, in 1641, his money ran out, and he had to call Parliament he was bankrupt and at their mercy, so money was definitely a key factor in the outbreak of the civil war. Religion Another major influence in the outbreak of the civil war was religion. The religious quarrels began right at the start of Charles reign, when Charles married Henrietta Maria, a French Catholic. Although Charles didnt choose to marry her his father, James, set up the marriage the public, especially the Puritans, didnt like having a Catholic as Queen. A few extremists even saw this as a sign that Charles was secretly Catholic! After the King dissolved Parliament, he made William Laud the Archbishop of Canterbury, in 1633. While Laud was Archbishop, he made many changes to the Church. Most of these changes involved beatifying the Church and bringing back robes for priests, statues and stained-glass windows. All these things reminded the English of Catholicism. In 1636, Archbishop Laud decided to introduce the English Prayer Book (which stated how services should be run) into Scotland. There was nationwide rioting, because no one wanted to follow the new Prayer Book. Scotland was a Presbyterian (Puritan) country, and they thought that the English Prayer Book was far too Catholic to use in Scotland. This eventually led to many Scots, called the Covenanters, marching down the country in an attempt to invade England. At this point, Charles had to call Parliament to ask for taxes to pay for the war, but was horrified to see that most of the MPs were on the Covenanters side. Parliament agreed that the Prayer Book was too Catholic, so Charles dissolved them again, but after he ran out of money to pay the Scots (see the Money section above) he was forced to call Parliament again. Parliament first put Laud on trial, and found him guilty. Later they decided to execute Strafford on charges of organising an army in Ireland, where he governed. It turned out that this was a big mistake. As soon as Strafford was executed, the Irish Catholics rebelled against the Protestants, saying they were rebelling for the King. Although it was clear this was not true, Parliament did not trust the King when he asked them for an army, and so refused, believing he would use it to crush them instead. Foreign Affairs Another factor in the outbreak of civil war was foreign affairs. On the continent, the 30 Years War was going on, where Catholic rulers attempted to wipe out the Protestants in their countries. This fuelled peoples fears that something similar might happen in England. Other foreign causes of the war were from Ireland and Scotland, and are detailed above. Charles Personality Although it may seem unimportant, Charles personality was a major factor in the events leading to civil war. To start with, Charles hadnt expected to be King at all his elder brother, Henry, had been expected to take the job, but when he died suddenly in 1612, Charles became the heir to the throne. Charles also believed in the Divine Right of Kings. He thought, as his father had before him, that Kings were appointed by God, and could not be wrong. He disliked having to rule with Parliament, and thought that he should be able to do anything he liked. This caused much friction between him and the MPs. Parliament The Short Parliament When Parliament was summoned in April 1640, Charles had governed for eleven years without them5, and while this certainly went against the spirit of the English constitution, it was within the Kings prerogative to do so. Charles was forced to call a parliament when the Scots rebelled. Putting an army into the field to deal with the Scots put a heavy drain on the royal finances, so Charles needed to levy a tax, which he could only do with the consent of Parliament. When Parliament met the gentry from the counties used the occasion to vent their frustration, with Harbottle Grimston and John Pym leading a catalogue of complaints. Three weeks later, Charles dissolved Parliament, blaming the malicious cunning of some few seditious affected men. This was known as the Short Parliament and it sat from 13 April, 1640, to 5 May, 1640. The war with the Scots did not fair well for Charles, but he eventually came to an agreement of ? 850 a day to keep the Scots at bay. The Long Parliament In order to pay this and get funds for a final settlement Charles had to summon another Parliament6. This time Charles could not afford to dismiss Parliament until he got what he wanted, and this gave Parliament an important card to play in what was to come. The Long Parliament, as it was known, sat from 3 November, 1640, for 13 years, until Oliver Cromwell suppressed it. It should be noted it was not formally dismissed until 1660, after the Restoration. Therefore, when Parliament met in November 1640, it was with a mood of constitutional reform. Of the 493 MPs elected: * 340 were anti-Court (the County Faction) * 64 were for the Court (supporters of the King) * 59 were of an unknown disposition * 17 were disabled from sitting (these were mainly of the Court Camp) * The remaining 13 were probably of the Court Faction. Parliament pinned the blame for what went wrong on the Kings advisors, rather than Charles himself, sending both Strafford and Laud to the Tower. Charles also tried to heal the rift by signing Straffords death warrant, passing a bill that allowed for Parliament not to be dissolved without its own consent, a bill making ship money illegal and other bills that taken together demolished the framework of prerogative government. The Thrilling Climax All of these causes led to some key events in 1641 and 1642. It turned out that the execution of Strafford had been a mistake. Without Strafford to reign over Ireland, the Irish rebelled in 1641. This raised an insoluble problem; who would command the Army, King or Parliament? John Pym took the initiative by issuing the Militia Bill and, more importantly, the Grand Remonstrance. It listed all the things Charles had done wrong in his reign, suggested less power for bishops, and said that Parliament should have power over the Church and the appointment of Royal ministers. It was passed by 11 votes, which meant that, while most of the Commons had previously been against him, now almost half of them supported him. However, it was after this that the King made a foolish move. On the advice of his Queen (who was used to French politics, where the King had much more power over the way the country was run), Charles decided to arrest the five ringleaders, including Pym. On 4 January, 1642, Charles attempted to get into the Commons to arrest the five MPs, and found that after he and his guards had battered the door down, the MPs had been warned and werent there. This action turned most of Parliament against him once more, because it was held to be a breach of Parliamentary privilege7. On the next day, the escaped MPs paraded up and down London guarded by the Trained Bands, an army of part-time soldiers.

Information on the Test for US Citizenship

Information on the Test for US Citizenship Before immigrants to the United States seeking citizenship can take the Oath of U.S. Citizenship and begin enjoying the benefits of citizenship, they must pass a naturalization test administered by the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS), formerly known as the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS). The test consists of two parts: the civics test and the English language test. In these tests, applicants for citizenship are, with certain exemptions for age and physical impairment, expected to demonstrate that they can read, write, and speak words in ordinary daily usage in the English language, and that they have a basic knowledge and understanding of American history, government, and tradition. The Civics Test For most applicants, the most difficult part of the naturalization test is the civics test, which assesses the applicants knowledge of basic U.S. government and history. In the civics portion of the test, applicants are asked up to 10 questions on American government, history and integrated civics, like geography, symbolism and holidays. The 10 questions are randomly selected from a list of 100 questions prepared by the USCIS. While there may be more than one acceptable answer to many of the 100 questions, the civics test is not a multiple choice test. The civics test is an oral test, administered during the naturalization application interview.In order to pass the civics portion of the test, applicants must correctly answer at least six (6) of the 10 randomly selected questions.In October 2008, the USCIS replaced the old set of 100 civics test questions used since its old INS days, with a new set of questions in an attempt to improve the percentage of applicants passing the test. The English Language Test The English language test has three parts: speaking, reading, and writing. The applicants ability to speak English is evaluated by a USCIS official in a one-on-one interview during which the applicant completes the Application for Naturalization, Form N-400. During the test, the applicant will be required to understand and respond to directions and questions spoken by the USCIS official.In the reading portion of the test, the applicant must read one out of three sentences correctly in order to pass. In the writing test, the applicant must write one out of three sentences correctly. Passing or Failing and Trying Again Applicants are given two chances to take the English and civics tests. Applicants who fail any part of the test during their first interview will be retested on only the part of the test they failed within from 60 to 90 days. While applicants who fail the retest are denied naturalization, they retain their status as Lawful Permanent Residents. Should they still wish to pursue U.S. citizenship, they must reapply for naturalization and repay all associated fees. How Much Does the Naturalization Process Cost? The current (2016) application fee for U.S. naturalization is $680, including an $85 biometric fee for fingerprinting and identification services. However, applicants 75 years of age or older are not charged the biometric fee, bringing their total fee down to $595.   How Long Does it Take? USCIS reports that as of June 2012, the average total processing time for an application for U.S. naturalization was 4.8 months. If that seems like a long time, consider that in 2008, processing times averaged 10-12 months and have been as long as 16-18 months in the past. Test Exemptions and Accommodations Because of their age and time as legal permanent U.S. residents, some applicants are exempt from the English requirement of the test for naturalization and may be allowed to take the civics test in the language of their choice. In addition, seniors who have certain medical conditions can apply for waivers to the naturalization test. Applicants age 50 or older when they filed for naturalization and have lived as a lawful permanent resident (green card holder) in the United States for 20 years are exempt from the English language requirement.Applicants age 55 or older when they filed for naturalization and have lived as a lawful permanent resident (green card holder) in the United States for 15 years are exempt from the English language requirement.While they may be exempt from the English language requirement, all senior applicants are required to take the civics test ​but may be allowed to take it in their native language. Complete information on exemptions to the naturalization tests can be found on the USCIS Exceptions Accommodations website. How Many Pass? According to the USCIS, more than 1,980,000 naturalization tests were administered nationwide from October 1, 2009, through June 30, 2012. USCIS reported that as of June 2012, the overall nationwide pass rate for all applicants taking both the English and civics tests was 92%. In 2008, the USCIS redesigned the naturalization test. The goal of the redesign was to improve overall pass rates by providing a more uniform and consistent testing experience while effectively assessing the applicants knowledge of U.S. history and government.Data from the USCIS report Study on Pass/Fail Rates for Naturalization Applicants  indicate that the pass rate for applicants taking the new test is significantly higher than the pass rate for applicants taking the old test.According to the report, the average annual pass rate for the overall naturalization test has improved from 87.1% in 2004 to 95.8% in 2010. The average annual pass rate for the English language test improved from 90.0% in 2004 to 97.0% in 2010, while the pass rate for the civics test improved from 94.2% to 97.5%.

Blacks Struggle To Reach American Dream Essay

, Research PaperStruggle for the American Dream The American Dream is what Americans want out of life. It consists of people # 8217 ; s household programs, calling programs, and the type of life style they want to populate. Lorraine Hansberry wrote the drama, A Raisin in the Sun, in 1958. A Raisin in the Sun provides many good illustrations of inkinesss fighting to accomplish their American Dreams. The drama Tells of a household, the Youngers, who want the American Dream. The characters Mama, Ruth, Walter, and Beneatha all show how they attempt to carry through their single dreams ; they struggle through racism, differing positions, and money jobs ( severally ) . Mama and Ruth both had dreams of traveling out of the ghetto and traveling to a better vicinity. Mama truly wanted to travel out so her household could be happier. She was driven to utilize the insurance money from Big Walter # 8217 ; s decease to purchase a house, alternatively of puting it into spirits like Walter wanted to. This is shown in Mama # 8217 ; s Act I statement, # 8220 ; Well-whether they drinks it or non ain # 8217 ; t none of my concern. But whether I go into concern selling it to # 8216 ; em is, and I don # 8217 ; t want that on my leger this late in life # 8221 ; ( p.42 ) . Ruth was split between desiring to travel out or to put the money like Walter wanted to. She was really happy though when Mama announced that she had bought a house. Ruth was really unfastened in denoting her felicity excessively, # 8220 ; Well-well! -All I can state is-if this is my clip in life-MY TIME-to say adieu so I say it loud and good, HALLELUJAH! AND GOOD-BYE MISERY I DON # 8217 ; T NEVER WANT TO See YOUR UGLY FACE AGAIN! # 8221 ; ( p.94 ) . Ruth truly wants to acquire out of the ghetto because it has merely provided her with wretchedness and sadness, she thinks now is her clip to be happy. Mama and Ruth besides had to defy attempts from Mr. Linder to maintain inkinesss from traveling into Clybo urne Park. Linder and the people of Clybourne Park were racist and afraid of inkinesss traveling into and polluting their vicinity. After hearing what Linder has to state, the household is even more content on traveling into Clybourne Park to demo that they aren # 8217 ; T afraid. Then there is Walter and his struggle with Mama and Ruth about what to make with the money. Walter Younger # 8217 ; s American Dream is to be rich and live an excessive life like the people for which he chauffeurs. He wants to utilize the insurance money from his pa # 8217 ; s decease to put in a spirits shop in Springfield. Willy Harris, Bobo, and Walter all program on puting 10 thousand dollars each into the shop. Walter and Mama have differing positions about what to make with the money because he wants to put in liquor alternatively of purchasing the house. Mama is dead set against the whole spirits shop thought. This is shown in Act II when she says, # 8221 ; there ain # 8217 ; t gon na be no inv estment in N o spirits stores† ( p.70 ) . This leaves Walter really unhappy because his dreams have been crushed, â€Å"So you butchered up a dream of mine-you-who ever speaking ’bout your children’s dreams † ( p.95 ) . Mama refused to even listen to Walter’s thought, she wouldn’t have him speaking about puting in spirits in her â€Å"house† . After they buy the house for 35 hundred dollars, Mama trusts Walter to take the remainder to the bank for him and Beneatha to divide. She talks to him one dark about how he’s the adult male of the house and should hold more say in how things are done. She tells him to take the staying 65 hundred to the bank and set it in separate histories for him and Beneatha. Alternatively of traveling to the bank like he was supposed to, Walter used the staying 65 hundred dollars to put in the shop. He finds out subsequently that Willy ran off with all the money, and there is none left. Beneatha is dumb when she find s out all their money is gone. Mama is really huffy at him, particularly since he broke her trust. This causes the household to rethink the thought of purchasing a house because they don’t have any other money now that Walter lost it. Beneatha # 8217 ; s American Dream is to travel to school and go a physician after college. When she was younger, she and her friends used to travel sleighing down the ice-covered rock stairss of people # 8217 ; s houses. One twenty-four hours her friend, Rufus, split his face open on the pavement and had to travel to the infirmary. The following twenty-four hours the physicians had fixed him all up. This event is what inspired Beneatha to go a physician when she grew up. This is shown in an Act II conversation with Agasai, # 8220 ; I ever thought it was the one concrete thing in the universe that a human being could make. Repair up the ill # 8221 ; ( p. 133 ) . After Willy Harris bargains their money, she begins to halt lovingness. Beneatha starts believing that her dream wasn # 8217 ; t deep plenty and that it was a kid # 8217 ; s manner of seeing life. The drama, A Raisin in the Sun, is a good beginning of illustrations of inkinesss non carry throughing their dreams. In the drama, the Younger household struggles to accomplish the American Dream. Mama and Ruth fight off racism from the people of Clybourne Park although they do finally carry through their dream of traveling into a house. Walter and Bennie struggled with their dreams, but they didn # 8217 ; t carry through them. Because of Willy Harris running off with the money, Beneatha didn # 8217 ; Ts have money to inscribe into medical school and prosecute a calling in the medical field. It has now been 40 old ages since the clip of the drama and most African Americans are still fighting to accomplish the American Dreams of freedom and equality. Unfortunately, there are still people like Mr. Linder that are racist and that think they are superior to inkinesss because they are white.

You decide Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

You decide - Essay Example According to the Turkish Cultural Foundation (2011), he obtained a master’s degree on the art of sculpture from Hacettepe University (2005) and completed his PhD with proficiency in arts (2009). Currently, he is based in Ankara mainly specializing in sculpture and video art. The principle message of this artwork is to highlight on the fact that how human made tools, representing science and technology, attempt to mould our natural world in an amusing but thought provoking way. The visual appearance of the artwork is surrealistic and illusive (please see the Appendix). Color combination is most important. The color of wood and other common, dull colors like black and brown gives the clothespin (which acts like a sort of central character) a real life tool. However, its size gives rise to a surrealist impression. The landscape below and around is green, and the background of the park is utterly pleasant. The combination of the clothespin and the crest of green earth gives the visual art a humorous, illusive, yet thought provoking look. As a whole, the presentation appears to be whimsical. But the technical aspects are quite complicated since the artist aims at using the space around the object in a peculiar way. There is only one object in the visual text, but the modeling of the landscape and other parts of the greenery around the artwork cleverly utilize space. In answering the question that how the elements in the image convey the message; we have to recapitulate the message itself. The message emphasizes the fact that human made tools, representing science and technology, attempt to mould our natural world in a funny but thought provoking way. The main object of the visual text, the clothespin, is the most important conveyor of this idea. The clothespin has normal appearance, looks, colors, and shape. However, it has a very big size. This anomaly regarding size shows how humans boast of their

Recreational Beach Water Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Recreational Beach Water - Essay Example The waterborne pathogens are classified as bacteria, protozoa and virus. Each of these is attributable to specific illnesses. Commencing with bacteria, there are two major classes of bacteria that are greatly attributed to causing diseases in recreational water. According to the Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention, they are Fecal coliform and the Escherichia coli. Fecal Coliform is usually found in the gut and feces of human being and other warm-blooded animals. They find their way into recreational water through sewage and runoff waters. They are attributed to the cause of diarrhea. According to Parry and Palmer (2002), Escherichia coli cause bloody diarrhea and kidney illness. Such diseases are usually contracted through swallowing of the contaminated recreational water Moreover, a plethora of viruses and protozoa are renown for causing diarrhea and other gastrointestinal infections. Other recreational water infections include skin infections, ear infections, respiratory infections, eye and neurological infections (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). The first challenge faced in monitoring and managing beach water is the fact that pool codes and inspection items vary across jurisdictions (Wymer, 2007). Consequently, there are varied reports about the results of the tests carried out. Thus, there is need to facilitated a collection of pool inspection data in standardized and electronic format. This may also help in enhancing routine analysis hence perpetuating the efforts of reducing health and safety risks for recreational water users. Another prominent problem is lack of worker safety response tool kits. Some beaches and pools lack the appropriate toolkits for workers who monitor beaches and pools. Another challenge is that there is increased tendency of violating of various pool codes. For instance, many pools and beaches have improperly maintained pool logs, unapproved water test kits, invalid pool licenses and invalid operator

Guest Satisfaction Essay Example for Free

Guest Satisfaction Essay Guest satisfaction within the Hospitality Industry is very important and essential. Only when a restaurant exhibit satisfactory guest it can be successful for a longer period of time. Guests will only come back and spend more money when the particular establishment supplies their wants and needs. Many aspects can influence the satisfaction of guests. However one main aspect which can influence the satisfaction is the quality of staff members. They represent the restaurant and when they are not good in their job it casts a damning light on the establishment. Guests will not recommend a restaurant which possesses bad staff members who are not polite or motivated. Within the staff quality there are several aspects which should be fulfilled in order to get a guest satisfactory guest. Therefore the main question of this Module Assignment will be â€Å"Which sub dimensions of the staff quality influence the guest satisfaction†. Literature Review In this assignment we will determine the topic staff quality and the different aspects which are linked with it. In the following Literature Review we will take a closer look on the Service time and the Service quality of staff and the stereotypes within the Hospitality industry. Service time of staff The service time has become an extremely important component of service quality within the hospitality industry. There is a complex relationship between the waiting times and the overall customer satisfaction because this will only be negative assessed when the costumer perceived the waiting time to be longer than what they found to be reasonable. Because most restaurants deliver so much quality in tangible offerings, they can distinguish themselves from their competitors by the quality of service (Allen, 1999). A study was developed to examine two factors in relationship to the waiting times. The first part of the study was the impact of waiting times at various stages of the service p rocess on perceived customer satisfaction. And the second part of the study was: What is the impact of company training activity on service time efficiency. For the study 8 of the same casual dining’s of one particular chain were followed. Only in 4 restaurants the managers talked to their staff about the service time issues every day before the shift started. 2 of these restaurants also called out the time between the orders were taken and it left the kitchen. The other 4 restaurants didn’t have a meeting or something about waiting times. The various stages of waiting time that were studied were: Arrival greet: time elapsed before guest was greeted at door Seating time: lapsed before guest was greeted at the table Drink Service: wait time after order was taken Order time: amount of time lapsed after order was taken -Check back time: time lapsed after food was received Payment time: how long guest waited for change/Credit Card Slip The results showed that the 4 restaurant that had spoken about the waiting time in all studied stages of waiting were on time and the percentages of the other 4 restaurants were always lower. The two restaurants that also called out the time during the shifts had a table turn (the length of time a guest would occupies a table at the Restaurant) of a very low 40 minutes. The two restaurants that only spoke about it before the shift had a table turn of 48 minutes and the other 4 had a table turn of over 50 minutes! For the study there were also mystery shoppers who went to the restaurant and after the visit had to give there rating. The mystery shoppers were asked about multiple items although the service times were most heavily rated. The 4 restaurants that spoke about waiting time were considered an excellent rating. The 4 that didn’t speak about waiting time were overall considered a below average rating with improvements needed. Service quality of staff Service quality can be seen as a very important factor when it comes to guest satisfaction (Melih Madanoglu, 2004). Service quality is the consumer’s judgment about an overall superiority or excellence. Itcan be crucial in the overall performance of an organization and enable it to differentiate itself from competitors to gain competitive advantage (Jannadi, 2001; Stevens et al.,1995). If the guests experience a good service there is a high chance that they will recommend the restaurant where they have eaten to other people. Everything depends on a good relationship between the customer and the staff. Many researchers carry out surveys about the dimensions of service quality and all had different solutions because like Parasuraman says the dimensions of SQ is generic. So it can be said that every dimension has to be adapted to the different restaurant and to the different target group they want to attract (Parasuraman, 1985). However when you look to the different results the researchers got from their surveys there are always some dimensions which appear every time. These words are reliability, staff behavior and their attitude to guests, timeliness and physical quality of the staff. All of these aspects have to be fulfilled to get a satisfied customer. Guests want to have a staff member who is nice, self-confident and friendly (behavior). Furthermore they want to see waiters/waitresses who like their job and are blessed to have them as guests (attitude). They also appreciate it to get their food and there drinks in an adequate time (timeliness). Finally customers feeling more comfortable when they have employees, who care for personal hygiene, have the right clothes and smell nicely. Stereotypes in the hospitality Customers will form their judgment based on the employee’s personal appearances, the customer’s pre-established expectations, and the environment in which the interaction occurs (Lockwood Jones, 1989). When there isn’t much information about these mentioned aspects, the customers will form impressions of the restaurant by looking to the staff members (observable cues). Race, sex, age, occupations and physical attractiveness are ex amples of these observable cues. These may connote differences in status and competence to observers (Berger et al., 1977). This is all about stereotypes and this plays an important role in human judgment. Stereotyping is the process of ascribing characteristics to people on the basis of their group memberships (Oakes et al., 1994). Selecting the best employees for service encounters is critically important for customer satisfaction and, ultimately, an organization’s success but how to do this when customers base their perceptions on stereotypes? The research of H.-F. Luoh S.-H. Tsaur analyzed the effects of gender stereotypes on the perceived service qualityunder favorable and unfavorable service quality conditions in fine dining restaurants. The results showed that under favorable service quality conditions, the respondents’ perceived service quality with regards to a female server on tangibles, reliability, assurance, and empathy dimensions was better than that of a male server. On the other hand, under unfavorable service quality conditions, there were no statistical differences in the respondent’s perceived service quality on the service rendered by a female server or a male server (H.-F. Luoh S.-H. Tsaur). Another form of stereotyping is the fact that people expect better service from someone of the same sex simply because they feel they might be more comfortable interacting with them (Fisher et al., 1997). Mind-Map Sub questions For specifying the main question of this research paper which is â€Å"Which sub dimensions influence the guest satisfaction†, three sub questions were phrased. These sub questions were phrased after making the mind-map and analyzing the literature review. 1. Does the behavior of staff members influence the guest satisfaction? 2. Does the Appearance of staff influence guest satisfaction? 3. Does the speed of staff have an influence on the guest satisfaction? Methodology This chapter provides information about how the study was carried out. It dealt with the subject from which the data were collected, the tool which was used in collecting the data and how this tool was used for the subject from which the data were collected (sample, instrument and procedure). Sample This research study is carried out by 55 students of the Stenden University Hotel School. To collect the data for the study, the students have visited 16 different restaurants. Two of these restaurants were pizzerias and two were sushi restaurants. 15 of the restaurants are located in the city of Leeuwarden. Only one is located in another city called Sneek. The price range of the restaurants lies between the 8,50 â‚ ¬ and 36,25 â‚ ¬. Some of the restaurants were visited by more than two people at the same time. Because of this fact a table is presented beside the text which shows the different restaurants and how many people have visited each of them. Instrument The instrument which was used for the study was a questionnaire with a Likert-scale from 1-10. The questionnaire focused on different points. Those points are Hygiene, General behavior, attitude, speed of staff service, language, posture, gesture, knowledge, appearance and presentation and general satisfaction. The questionnaire shows also other aspects: The gender of the server, the gender of the student and the average spending per person in the restaurant. Procedure All the 55 students chose a restaurant of their interest. The questionnaire with the Likert-scale from 1-10 was brought to the restaurant. The students filled in the questionnaire during or after the dinner in a discrete manner. It has to happen like this because staff of the restaurant should not get influenced by the fact that they were observed. After every of the 55 students had dinner in the restaurant of his/her choice, all the questionnaires were collected. All the answers of the questionnaires were put in a clear table in excel. Results In the following chapter the results of the quantitative questionnaire for the restaurant visit will be presented. The focus of the questionnaire was laying on the question â€Å"Which sub dimensions of the staff quality influence the guest satisfaction†. For answering this question scatter plots and descriptive statistics were used. With the help of these methods it could be found out which sub dimensions were most equally valued and which variable were the most chosen one. The first method is the mode. It can be seen in it that most of the participants valued the sub dimensions of the staff quality which were given in the questionnaire with a high mark, which means that almost all probands were satisfied with the quality of the staff in the restaurant they have chosen. Hygiene, general behaviour, attitude, speed of staff, language and general satisfaction were valued with an 8 and posture, gesture, knowledge and appearance/presentation with a 7. According to this it can be said that the most participants of the study were more satisfied with the first six sub dimensions which can be seen in the table below than with the 4 sub dimensions which are following (look at table 2). Table 1: Descriptive statistic for the Mode Hygiene| 8| General Behaviour| 8| Attitude| 8| Speed of staff| 8| Language| 8| General Satisfaction| 8| Posture| 7| Gesture| 7| Knowledge| 7| Appearance and presentation| 7| The second method which was used for analyzing the data of the questionnaire was the scatter plot. Therefore the different sub dimensions of the questionnaire were taken in relation with the variable â€Å"General Satisfaction. From the nine valued variables which were compared, four of them were most significant. Those four were therefore the variables which had the highest relation to â€Å"General Satisfaction†.2 The first scatter plot in figure one dealt with the relation â€Å"Appearance/presentation† and â€Å"General Satisfaction†. The dots which can be seen in it lie very close to each other and to the regression line as well which means that almost all of the participants of the questionnaire valued both variables almost with the same mark. The next scatter plot which belongs to figure 1 focused on the sub dimensions â€Å"Posture† and â€Å"General Satisfaction†. It is cognizable that the dots of this plot did not lie that close together like they did in the previous relation which means that the participants did not all had the same opinion about both sub dimensions. The ensuing scatter plot showed how similar the probands valued the relation of â€Å"General Behaviour† and â€Å"General Satisfaction†. Here it can be seen that the dots were further apart than in the other two plots. This finding showed that even more participants than in the other scatter plots valued differently and therefore did not have chosen the same mark. The last scatter plot in figure 1 concentrated on the combination â€Å"Language† and â€Å"General Satisfaction†. It pointed out that the dots of this one had the highest spreading of all four scatter plots. The consequence of this is that only a small amount of the probands valued this relation with the same mark. All in all it can be said that the combination â€Å"Appearance/presentation† and â€Å"General Satisfaction† are the relation which the probands of the questionnaire valued most equally. Mostly all of them had the same opinion about this proportion and have experienced it in a similar way. On the other hand â€Å"Language† and â€Å"General Satisfaction† though is the relation which was assessed most differently. The people who filled out the questionnaire had therefore all a different opinion about this combination. Figure 1: Visualization of the four significant variables In the end it can be said that the reason why the sub dimensions â€Å"average spending per person† and the â€Å"gender of sever† were not involved in the analysis is that both criteria didn’t give enough information for a meaningful and helpful conclusion. Discussion In the chapter of â€Å"Discussion† the findings of the literature review, the results of the questionnaire and therefore also the answer of the three sub questions will be discussed in detail. In the end a few limitations and recommendations on the process and procedure of the research will be named. Students of the Stenden hogeschool carried out a research study about staff quality. All of the students had to form groups and visit a restaurant of their choice. During the visit a questionnaire had to be filled out. This questionnaire consisted of several variables which belong to the topic â€Å"staff quality† like â€Å"Hygiene†, â€Å"General Behaviour† or â€Å"knowledge of the staff†. Those sub dimensions had to be assessed with the help of a likert scale from 1 to 10, whereat 10 meant â€Å"excellent†. After all that, each group had to formulate a main and three or four sub questions concerning staff quality and guest satisfaction. With the help of those questions the results of the questionnaire had to be analyzed. The main question of this paper was â€Å"Which sub dimensions of the staff quality influence the guest satisfaction†. For narrowing down this question a bit three sub questions were formulated. Those sub questions are â€Å"Does the behavior of staff members influence the guest satisfaction?†, â€Å"Does the Appearance of staff influence guest satisfaction?† and â€Å"Does the speed of staff has an influence on the guest satisfaction?†. In the result chapter it could be seen that especially five sub dimensions influence the thinking of the guests. One of these sub dimensions is â€Å"General Behaviour†. After it got taken in relation with â€Å"General Satisfaction† it was cognizable that the people who valued â€Å"General Behaviour† also assessed â€Å"General Satisfaction† almost with the same mark. The mode also showed that â€Å"General Behaviour† were valued from almost all of the probands with an 8 which means that all the staff members in the different restaurants behaved in the correct way. This finding expresses therefore that a good behaviour of the staff influences the g uest satisfaction in a positive way. It also reinforces the first sub question whether the behaviour of staff members influence the guest satisfaction. Also different researchers of the text â€Å"Validating Restaurant Service Quality Dimensions† which was edited in the Literature Review say that a friendly and polite behaviour of the staff members is very important for getting happy and satisfactory guest. The next sub question was about the sub dimension â€Å"Appearance and presentation of staff† and in how far it influences the satisfaction of guests. Concerning the results of the questionnaire, it is cognizable that also this variable influences the guest satisfaction. This conclusion was provable by looking at the relation of â€Å"Appearance/presentation† and â€Å"General Satisfaction†. The probands of the questionnaire had mostly the same opinion about the â€Å"Appearance and presentation of staff† as well as about the â€Å"General Satisfaction†. That means that when they have a special opinion about the first sub dimension they transfer it also to their overall satisfaction. In the mode the variable â€Å"Appearance/presentation† was assessed with a â€Å"7† which means that the majority of the participants were satisfied with this sub dimension. Also the â€Å"General Satisfaction† was valued with a high mark so it cou ld be said that the â€Å"Appearance and presentation of staff† influenced the satisfaction of the participants in a positive way too. In the literature review the author of the text â€Å"Gender Stereotypes and Service Quality in Customer – Waitperson Encounters† also said that the guests always pay attention to the appearance of the staff members. When they are not dressed adequate or looking cultivate people might think that the food they serve will also be dirty and contaminated. Because of this a neat outward appearance is important for making the guests feel comfortable and giving the feeling that everything is hygienic. Only when the guests feel comfortable they are satisfied and happy during and the restaurant visit. These findings confirmed therefore the second sub question whether the â€Å"Appearance and presentation of staff† influences the guest satisfaction. The last sub question dealt with the variable â€Å"speed of staff† and in how far it influences the guest satisfaction. In comparison to the other two sub dimensions, this variable showed another outcome. In the results it was cognizable that only a few of the participants of the questionnaire valued â€Å"speed of staff† with the same mark which means that they did not have the same opinion about this sub dimension. Whereas the first two variables were valued almost the same like â€Å"General Satisfaction†, â€Å"speed of staff† was assessed differently. Because of that this variable does not influence their overall satisfaction that much like â€Å"General Behaviour† and â€Å"Appearance and presentation of staff† These findings also answer the last sub question whether â€Å"speed of staff† influences the guest satisfaction. Although the text called â€Å"Validating Restaurant Service Quality Dimensions† which was worked on in the Literature Review had to be expressed that â€Å"speed of staff† is important for getting satisfactory guests, it seemed that this variable is not that relevant for the participants of this questionnaire. During the analysis of the results two limitations concerning the questionnaire appeared. The first limitation would be that it is not possible to find out which sub dimensions are most important for the guest satisfaction which is normally one of the most essential questions for interpreting in how far staff quality influences the overall satisfaction of guests within a restaurant. A recommendation would be to formulate another question at the bottom of the questionnaire concerning the importance of the sub dimens ions. With this question it would be possible to analyze which aspect is the most important one within staff quality. The second limitation is that only a few people were surveyed. The results would be more reliable if more groups would have had to fill out the questionnaire. It is only possible to formulate meaningful theses concerning a specific topic if a bigger group will be asked because only then it can be make sure that it is not a coincidence when a participant assesses a variable with a good or bad mark. When a bigger amount of probands value a variable with the same mark it is more probable that it really deserves this assessment. References Andersson, D., Mossberg. (2004). The dining experience: do restaurants satisfy customer needs?. Food Service Technology. 4, 171-177. Louh, Hsiang-Fei, Tsaur, Sheng-Hshiung. (2007). Gender Stereotypes and Service Quality in Customer – Waitperson Encounters. Total Quality Management. 18 (9), 1035-1054. Madanoglu, M. (2004). Validating Restaurant Service Quality Dimensions. Journal of Foodservice Business research. 7(4), 127-147. Tobin, R., Huffman, M.(?) . Examining the Impact of Service Times on Overall Guest Satisfaction Perception in the Casual Dining Environment. FIU Review. 24 (1), 42-48.

The Benefits of Tai Chi Essay -- Research Essays Martial Arts Papers

The Benefits of T'ai Chi History of T'ai Chi One of the most relaxing forms of martial arts, T'ai Chi, can help to overcome such problems as arthritis, rheumatism, back problems, lack of balance, high blood pressure, stress, post-traumatic stress, lack of energy, and more. T'ai Chi is a non violent form of the martial arts whose roots are derived from the Chinese and correlated with Traditional Chinese Medicinal techniques. There are many forms of T'ai Chi, including T'ai Chi Chuan and T'ai Chi Chih; all of which have been studied for thousands of years to improve the Chinese way of life. There have been many records of the origin of T'ai Chi reaching as far back as over 3500 years ago. In addition to a Chinese Martial Art, T'ai Chi has origins related to Taoism, which revolved around calmness, "tranquillity of mind," and the improvement of health and persona (wysiwg://25/http://www.spiritweb.org/Spirit/tai-chi.html). Monks employed T'ai Chi as means of be coming more in tune with their bodies and their environment. Ther efore, this martial art helped them to "defend themselves against bandits and warlords through physical health and spiritual growth" (http://www.maui.net/~taichi4u/overview.html). What is T'ai Chi? T'ai Chi is an entire body experience meant to relax its participant and allow one to "effortlessly experience the vital life force, or Chi, in one's body" (http://www.fitnesslink.com/mind/chi.htm). T'ai Chi is literally translated to mean "Supreme Ultimate," and it teaches one to be more relaxed through a greater connection with one's body and awareness of one's movements and thoughts (http://members.tripod.com/~donalo/introd.htm). This experience differs from other "hard" martial arts, by i... ...every aspect of our lives and the world around us" (http://www.maui.net/~taichi4u/overview.html). Bibliography Lai, J. S., Lan, C., Wong, M. K., Teng, S.H. (1995). Two-year trends in cardiorespiratory function among older Tai Chi Chuan practitioners and sedentary objects. Journal of American Geriatrics Society, 43, 1222-1227. Jin, P. (1992). Efficacy of Tai Chi, brisk walking, meditation, and reading in reducing mental and emotional stress. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 36, 361-369. Schaller, K. J. (1996). Tai Chi Chih: an exercise option for older adults. Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 22, 12-16. Wolf, S. L., Barnhart, H. X., Kutner, N. G., McNeely, E., Cooler, C., Xu, T. (1996). Reducing fraility and falls in older persons: an investigation of Tai Chi and computerized balance training. Journal of American Geriatrics Society, 44, 489-497.

Descriptions And Categories Of Hurricanes Environmental Sciences Essay

IntroductionHurricanes are tropical storms with air current velocities transcending 74mph. They typically occur over oceans and get down their formations from the equatorial parts of the universe. They are really complex conditions phenomena that are still hard to understand. They are besides called tropical cyclones and typhoons. in order for them to be classified in 1969 by Saffir, H and Simpson, B. developed a graduated table which is used to categorise them, this is refered to as the Saffir-Simpson graduated table. They range from least harmful to the most harmful ranging from class 1-5 ( Katsaros et al, 2002, ) . Hurricanes are normally accompanied by storm rushs. In order to understand the character of hurricanes the ambiance over oceans are continuously observed by assorted conditions orbiters in infinite, and other aerial detectors. Storm surges normally accompany hurricanes. Classs Cardinal Pressures in millibars Wind velocities Miles per hour Damage 1 & gt ; 980 74-95 Minimal 2 965-979 96-110 Moderate 3 945-964 111-130 Extensive 4 920-944 131-155 Extreme 5 & lt ; 920 & gt ; 155 Catastrophic Table 1: Showing Saffir-Simpson graduated table â€Å" Beginning: Adapted from katsaros et Al ( 2002 ) † Figure 1: Partss of a hurricane â€Å" Beginning: NASA online † The parts which are: the oculus, the wall and the rain sets.Remote Sensing of hurricanes.As a consequence of their really destructive nature, hurricanes are monitored by orbiters and aerial remote feeling engineerings. The type of detectors used scope from the optical, micro-cook and non merely by conditions orbiters but by several other orbiters. In the instance of exigencies other orbiters are besides used to supervise hurricanes. Table 2 below shows some of the orbiters and aerial detectors that are used in the instance of exigencies to supervise hurricanes. Optical and micro-cook orbiters are frequently really critical in supervising hurricanes as they tend to come on. Due to their big spacial declarations, they can be used to track the flight of hurricanes. These optical imagination are besides sometimes used in the absence of Radar techniques, to analyze the physical belongingss of hurricanes. These physical belongingss include: liquid H2O way, thermodynamic stage of atoms and their approximative size ( Kokhanovsky & A ; Hoyningen-Huene, 2004 ) In order to supervise hurricanes as they progress, in order for hurricanes to be understood in the context of its character and physical belongingss, microwave orbiters provide seasonably atmospheric coverage as they can perforate clouds and due to their long wavelengths and work irrespective of twenty-four hours or dark. ( Navalgund et al, 2007 ) . Scatterometers, Man-made Aperture Radar and micro-cook radiometers are some of the instruments uses in microwave remote feeling. While Scatterrometers and Man-made Aperture Radar are active detectors breathing their ain energy, Microwave Radiometers merely step reflected energy transmitted to it as it is a inactive detector. Scatterometers are used to mensurate surface air current velocities and way. They measure ocean surface raggedness and are really sensitive instruments. If the air current velocity is non Of all the declarations, a high temporal declaration is the most of import in tracking the way of a hurricane. This is non to state that radiometric, spectral and spacial declarations are non of import. This is necessary in order to adequately foretell the way of the hurricane and to efficaciously supervise its advancement to state if its strength is reduced or increased. Besides, information and information about hurricanes can easy go out-of-date as as the hurricane changes its class. Timely airing of informations from a hurricane is necessary in order for the terminal usage which might be a catastrophe monitoring bureau to accurately circulate information to the general populace. Besides, a high spectral declaration is needed in order to easy separate between sets, to be able to properly analyse informations presented. Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer ( MODIS ) has really high spectral declaration of 32 sets when compared with Landsat Thematic plotter which has 7 sets ( Womble et al 2006 ) . In the trailing of the hurricane, a really larger spectral declaration will find the peculiarity between sets and the ability to spot information. Determining the perpendicular construction of the ambiance requires a high spectral declaration infrared observations. ( Schmit et al 2009 ) . Synergy or a combination of the assorted distant feeling engineerings frequently produce the best information needed to understand hurricanes. In a study carried by MCEER in the aftermath of hurricane Katrina, it was found that earlier forcasts about the class of the storm was incorrect. By uniting informations from assorted assorted orbiters, the true magniturde of the hurricane was determined ( Womble et al 2006 ) . Future tendencies in hurricane forcasting will concentrate on bettering spectral declaration in order to be able to easy demonstrated engineering such as the advanced IR sounder engineering will enable â€Å" A geostationary advanced IR sounder would supply breakthrough measurings on the clip development of horizontal and perpendicular H2O vapour and temperature constructions. These measurings would be an unprecedented beginning of information on the dynamic and thermodynamic atmospheric Fieldss, an of import benefit to nowcasting and numerical conditions anticipation † ( Schmit et al 2009 ; 2274 ) A high radiometric declaration on the other manus will take to greater peculiarity in images. The higher the spectral declaration of the image, the more characteristics can be distinguished. The areal extent covered when tracking a hurricane should non be so much in order for the Instantaneous field of position non to be excessively much. In accessing jeopardies after the hurricane, a spacial declaration is needed. As u can non hold it all, trade offs are made and determinations as to instruments which can integrate all of these features possibly will give better apprehension of hurricanes.Table 2: Distant feeling informations used in hurricane monitoring. â€Å" Beginning: Womble et Al ( 2006 ) † REMOTE SENSING OF HURRICANES The first conditions orbiters which were launched provided planetary coverage of conditions events and due to their low spacial declarations. They besides had high temporal declarations supplying seasonably updates every bit frequently as every 30mins. These orbiters include APPROPRIATENESS OF REMOTE SENSING TECHNOLOGY TO SOCIO ECONOMIC SITUATION The socio-economic stableness attained by the western universe has enabled her to accomplish and be able to develop and afford really expensive engineering such as distant detection. The placing of orbiters in infinite whether Geostationary or polar orbiting and the usage of other signifiers of airborne ( aeroplanes, balloons etc ) Remote Sensing Technology, the benefits derivable from timely warning of catastrophes such as hurricanes can non be of all time emphasized ( Murthi & A ; Madhusudan 2008 ) . Without this engineering natural happenings such as hurricanes can non be predicted. Remote feeling engineering by enabling early sensing of natural catastrophes and triping off widespread warning enables catastrophe warning and catastrophe direction proparations to be carried out. Disaster direction organic structures such as FERMA, seashore guard both of the united provinces are better equipped to work decently and can assist salvage 100s of 1000s of lives and harm to belongings can besides be reduced. â€Å" Satellite observations of land, oceans, atmosphere, and specifically, during natural and human-induced jeopardies have become important for protecting the planetary environment, cut downing catastrophe losingss, and accomplishing sustainable development † ( Navagundi et al 2007: 1747 ) . As a consequence of timely warning of impending catastrophes, concerns are given early warnings and can shut on clip, and belongingss which can be moved out of injuries manner were moved. In 1992, hurricane Andrew destroyed about 25,524 places and damaged another 101,241 taking to estimated amendss of $ 25billion. Besides, in 2005 hurricanes Denis, Katrina, Rita and Wilma caused huge amendss amounting to $ 32.83 billion ( Otero et al 2009 ) . IMPORTANCE OF REAL TIME REMOTE SENSING TECHNOLOGY In supervising hurricanes as they grow and advancement, existent clip information or information is required as information can easy go out-of-date. Timely data entree and airing is really of import peculiarly in hurricanes. Although satellite engineering provides information about hurricanes they do non demo plenty item to be able to really accurately predict their tends or proctor hurricanes. NASA normally flies aircraft into the oculus of the hurricane to be able to acquire more item about the hurricanes. In cases when it is excessively unsafe to wing, aircrafts that do non necessitate worlds are flown into the hurricanes to be able to acquire more inside informations and timely updates. Hurricane Katrina presented new frontiers for research as it showed oversights in satellite anticipations. Initial premises based on the safir-simpson graduated table declared hurricane Katrina as a class 4 storm. Latter ratings utilizing a synergism of low declaration orbiters, moderate declaration orbiters, high declaration orbiters and high declaration aerial imagination showed that it was a class 3 storm and that the sum of devastation that accompanied it was a consequence of the storm rush which was still category 5 ( Womble et at 2006 ) . Detailss of the orbiters and their declarations is given below in table 2. Had the exact strength of the storm rush been known before Katrina hit, there would hold been a more equal readying and exigency response. REFEERENCES Dabas, A. ( 2010 ) Detecting the Atmospheric air current from infinite. Comptes Rendus Geosciences. Article in imperativeness. Available from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.sciencedirect.com [ last accessed 02 January 2010 ] Harding, L.W. , Miller, W.D. , Swift, R.N. & A ; Wright, C.W. ( 2003 ) Aircraft Remote Sensing. Encyclopaedia of Ocean Sciences. Pp.113-122. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.sciencedirect.com [ last accessed 02 January 2010 ] Katsaros, K.B. Vachon, P.W. Liu, W.T. & A ; Black, P.G ( 2002 ) Microwave Remote Sensing of Tropical Cyclones from Space. Journal of Oceanography [ Internet ] January 58 ( 1 ) , pp.137-151 Available from & lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.springerlink.com & gt ; [ last accessed 2 January 2010 ] Kokhanovsky, A.A. & A ; Hoyiningen-Huene, W.V. ( 2004 ) Optical belongingss of a hurricane. Atmospheric Research. [ Internet ] January-March 69 ( 3-4 ) pp.165-183 Available from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.sciencedirect.com [ last accessed 02 January 2010 ] Levinson, D. H. , Vickery, P.J. & A ; Resio, D.T. ( 2008 ) A reappraisal of the climatological features of landfalling Gulf hurricanes for air current, moving ridge, and billow hazard appraisal. Ocean Engineering. Article in imperativeness. Murthi, R.S. & A ; Madhusudan, H.N. ( 2008 ) Strategic considerations in Indian infinite programme-Towards maximising socio-economic benefits. Acta Astronuatica. [ Internet ] July-August 63 ( 1-4 ) pp.503-508 Available from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.sciencedirect.com [ last accessed 02 January 2010 ] Navalgundi, R.R. Jayaraman, V. & A ; Roy, P.S. ( 2007 ) Remote Feeling Applications: An Overview. Current Science [ Internet ] December 93 ( 12 ) , pp.1747-1766 Available from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ias.ac.in/currsci/dec252007/1747.pdf [ last accessed 02 January 2010 ] Otero, C.E. , Velazquez, A. , Kostanic, I. , Subramanian, C. , Pinelli, J. & A ; Buist, L. ( 2009 ) Real-time Monitoring of Hurricane Winds utilizing Wireless and Sensor Technology. JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS. [ Internet ] December 4 ( 12 ) pp.1275-1285 Available from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.academypublisher.com/ojs/index.php/jcp/article/viewFile/041212751285/1332 [ last accessed 02 January 2010 ] Schmit T.J. Li, J. Ackerman, S.A. & A ; Gurka, J.J. ( 2009 ) High-Spectral- and High-Temporal-Resolution Infrared Measurements from Geostationary Orbit. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology. [ Internet ] November, volume 26 pp.2273-2292 Available from hypertext transfer protocol: //ams.allenpress.com/archive/1520-0426/26/11/pdf/i1520-0426-26-11-2273.pdf [ last accessed 02 January 2010 ] Womble, J.A. Ghosh, S. Adams, B.J. & A ; Friedland, C.J. ( 2006 ) Advanced Damage Detection for Hurricane Katrina: Integrating Remote Sensing and VIEWSa„? Field Reconnaissance. MCEER Special Report Series [ Internet ] March, Volume 2, pp hypertext transfer protocol: //mceer.buffalo.edu/publications/Katrina/06SP02-web.pdf [ last accessed 02 January 2010 ] NASA ( 2004 ) How strong is that Hurricane. Available from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/k4/home/F_How_Strong_Is_That_Hurricane.html [ last accessed 02 January 2010 ]

Pnu Application Form

Philippine Normal University The National Center for Teacher Education OFFICE OF ADMISSION Manila 1† x 1† ID Picture APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION TEST PHILIPPINE NORMAL UNIVERSITY ADMISSION TEST (PNUAT) Name: _________________________________________________________________________________ Gender: ____________ Print: Last Name Given Name Middle NameAddress: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Contact No: _______________________________________________ E-mail Address: ____________________________________ Date of Birth: ______________________________________________ Place of Birth: _____________________________________ Age: _________ Citizenship: ____________________________ Religion: ______________________________________________ Name of Present School: _______________________________________________________________________________________ School Address: _________________________________________________________ _____________________________________ EDUCATION: School Attended Elementary: ____________________________________ High School: Other Courses: ____________________________________ ____________________________________ Inclusive Dates ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ Degree/Course Completed ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ Honors/Awards Received: ______________________________________________________________________________________ Extra-Curricular Activities, Hobbies, Talents: _______________________________________________________________________ I hereby apply for permit to take the PNU Admission Test (PNUAT) on: __________________________________________ I certify that the information given on this form is true and correct.It is understood that my final acceptance to the University will depend on the results of the University’s screening procedure. I understand that I have to pay a non-refundabl e examination fee of P350. 00, the receipt of which is to be attached to the application form. I attach a photocopy of my High School Card / Transcript of Records. ____________________________________ Signature over Printed Name of Applicant OR # _______________________________ Date of Application: ___________________ Name: _________________________________________________________________________________ Gender: ____________ Last Name Given Name Middle Name Preferred Academic Program: (Please indicate three choices by placing 1 to 3 on the blank, no. as the most preferred) __________ __________ __________ Bachelor of Early Childhood in Education (BECED) Bachelor of Elementary Education (BEED) Bachelor of Secondary Education (BSE) with specialization in – __________ Biology __________ __________ Chemistry __________ __________ English __________ __________ Filipino __________ __________ General Science __________ __________ History __________ __________ Home Economics ________ __ __________ Information Technology for Teachers __________ Mathematics Others (Allied Fields – with limited enrollment) __________ Bachelor of Library and Information Science __________ Bachelor of Science in Psychology __________ Bachelor of Science in Home Economics Technology __________ AB/BSE Literature Music Education Nutrition and Dietetics for Teachers Physical Education Physics Social Science Speech and Theater Arts Values Education

Banning of Human Cloning in the United States and Internationally Essays

Banning of Human Cloning in the United States and Internationally Essays Banning of Human Cloning in the United States and Internationally Paper Banning of Human Cloning in the United States and Internationally Paper The banning of human cloning in both the United States and other countries has become a main topic of concern since the development of Dolly, the first cloned sheep. Issues of morality and personal beliefs conflict, causing many discussions to become irrational and non-objective while other issues arise that cross borders such as religion, science, and social concerns that effect the moral and ethical aspects of the world. We have no long-term effects for it at this time nor a large number of case studies. The field of human body parts and scientific technology has already led to conflicts over adult and embryonic stem cell research, along with human and animal cloning. . The final decision regarding the banning of human cloning, and whether the cloning is beneficial to humanity or not, will not be an easy one. In â€Å"Human Cloning† by author Rob Weekes and â€Å"Mohler Argues Human Cloning Should Be Banned† by Michael Foust, both authors present two excellent views regarding human banning in their articles, stating both the pro and con side while attempting to be objective in the sense that we, as the reader, can understand better what it is we want. Robert Weeks states that there are more than one reason for human cloning therapeutic, DNA, and reproductive cloning – which all needs to be fully understood before making any type of decision or judgment call. The thing to remember is that by allowing human cloning, many things will be effected, not just one. According to author Rob Weekes and his pro views, those who are against cloning feel it is unsafe and intervening in God’s plan for humanity. The â€Å"creation of a new and wholly unnatural process of asexual reproduction† is the act of playing God by our scientists, whose reproductive cloning does very little good for the family core which is already in trouble. The argument he makes with the most impact is when he refers to the fact the unborn children will not have a normal family life, with only one parent to care for it, or two parents of the same sex. The facts have been recognized that parents who are childless will eventually utilize this technology to get a child. And while this may be true, cloning will also be used for other reasons other than reproductive cloning. The life of the embryo will be started in a cold and unfeeling laboratory which will be hard to deal with – especially when the child’s most memorable thoughts and feelings will occur during these early moments. Which is why Michael Foust in his article states that human cloning is â€Å"inherently wrong, has no ethical basis and should be banned by Congress†. With a 98% failure rate in animals, he feels that human cloning is considered unethical as human experiments, while stating that there will be a complete breakdown of medical ethics and human personhood if it goes on. The fact many countries destroy the embryoes after 10 days of life is even worse, with no thought of the lives involved in the destruction. This view is parallel by the Catholic church, having made it very clear that they consider cloning is morally wrong also. A supporter of the human cloning, John Greeny in his article, â€Å"In Support of the Argument for Human Cloning,† feels that human cloning is acceptable and is important for the scientific work, that needs to use the cloning to study ourself with for many reasons. The article states that nothing has been done to humanity to harm them through this practice of cloning. In Bob Weeke’s article he also sides with Greenery in his pro side. His top of the list shows that cloning is no different than any other medical technology of today. He states that many other countries are practicing embryonic studies and human cloning without any problems, feeling that the â€Å"spare† embryos could be used to do human research.  ¬ In his article, several panelists mentioned that they had an issue with the reproduction cloning, yet would accepted the therapeutic cloning. Mohler told the panelists that one or the other would be accepted. With human cloning possibly being banned in the future – we as intellectuals now may lose the ability, through technical growth and science, to contribute through direct intervention for diseases and unknown fields of science. Yet, science and technology have never been able to successfully study the other side of the picture God and the natural process of evolution that is still an unknown factor in the total picture not being able to disprove or prove it. And because of this, human cloning should not be able to run rampant in the world as part of a scientific factory for perfect babies, in a world that can so easily throw away what is not politically correct or needed. 1 Foust, Michael. [2001]. â€Å"Moler, on TV panel, argues human cloning should be banned. † BP News. [Online]. Available at World Wide Web: bpnews. net/bpnews. asp? ID=10667 2 The Human Cloning Foundation: John Greeney. . â€Å"In Support of the Argument for Human Cloning. † Available at World Wide Web: humancloning. org/essays/john3. htm 3 Weeks, Rob. [2000]. â€Å"Human Cloning†, Debate Topics and Debate Motions. Available at World Wide Web: idebate. org/debatabase/topic_details. php? topicID=26